下りる

おりる【下りる･降りる】

1 【下りる】 〔高い所から下方へ移動する･移動して下に着く〕 go [come] down; get [step, climb] down; descend.

●山を下りる go [come] down a hill; come down [descend] a mountain

・はしごを下りる go [come, climb] down a ladder; descend a ladder

・階段を下りる go [come] down stairs [a staircase]; descend a staircase

・急いで階段を下りた. I hurried down the stairs.

・階下に下りる go [come] downstairs; 〔1 階に〕 go [come] down to the 《米》 first [《英》 ground] floor

・庭に下りる go [come] down into a garden

・木から下りる get down from a tree

・ロープを伝って下りる follow a rope down; descend [climb down] with the help of a rope.

●演壇から下りた. He descended [went down, came down] from the platform.

・石段を下りると茶屋があります. A flight of stone stairs leads down to a teahouse.

・そのお宮なら頂上から少し下りたところです. The shrine stands a little way down from [below] the summit.

・あの子は母親の膝から下りようとしない. He refuses to get down from his mother's lap.

・子猫が屋根から下りられないでいる. There's a kitten stuck on the roof.

・山道では, 登る人と下りてくる人がすれ違うとき, 「こんにちは」とあいさつする. On mountain paths people going up [ascending] and people coming down [descending] greet each other with a hello as they pass.

・クマが人里に下りてきた. A bear has come down to the village.

・その歌手は舞台から下りてきて客と握手した. The singer came down [descended] from the stage and shook hands with people in the audience.

・さっさと下りていらっしゃい. Come [Get] down (from there) right away. | Hurry up and come down.

・閣議決定がわれわれのところまで下りてくるのに時間がかかる. It takes time for a Cabinet decision to come [get, make its way] down to us.

2 【下りる】 〔飛んでいるものが下方へ移動する･着地や着陸する〕 (鳥が) alight; settle 《on the ground》; swoop; drop (down); (滑空して) glide [plane] down; volplane; (着陸する) land.

●ワシがえさをさらいに下りてきた. An eagle swooped on its prey.

・鳥が地面に下りている. A bird has flown down (to the ground) [alighted on the ground].

・飛行場に下りてくる飛行機をいつも僕はこの場所から見ている. I always watch the planes landing at the airport from here.

3 【下りる】 〔物が操作されて上から下へ動く〕 go [come] down; descend; move down; be lowered.

●幕が下りる the curtain falls [goes down, comes down] [⇒まく¹ 1]

・(踏切の)遮断機が下りる a level crossing gate comes down [descends].

・事故があったとき遮断機は下りていた. When the accident happened the barrier was down [lowered].

・シャッターが下りている店 a shop with its shutters down [lowered, closed]; a shuttered shop.

●そのドアは閉めると自動的に錠が下りる仕組みになっている. The door is designed so that when you shut it the lock fastens automatically. | The door locks automatically when closed.

・いくら押してもレバーが下りない. However hard I push I can't get the lever down [lower the lever]. | I just can't push the lever down.

・エレベーターは上がるときより下りるときのほうが嫌な感じがする. It's nastier when the elevator goes down [descends] than when it goes up [ascends]. | I hate going down in an elevator more than going up.

4 【降りる】 〔霜などが地上にできる〕

●霜が降りる 《when》 (a) frost occurs [falls, forms]; 《we》 have [get] a frost.

・この辺では 11 月の初めに霜が降りる. There is [We get] frost in early November around here.

・露が降りる 《when》 dew forms.

●窓の外にはいつの間にか夕闇が降りていた. Suddenly darkness had fallen outside my window.

5 【下りる】 〔支給･発給される･申し渡される〕

●許可[認可]が下りる 《when》 permission [recognition] is granted [obtained]; 《when》 a license [approval] comes through

・年金が下りる 《when》 a pension is obtained [received]; 〈人が主語〉 get [obtain, receive] a pension

・今年から年金が下りるようになった. I have started getting [receiving] a pension this year.

・保険金が下りる 《when》 an insurance payment comes through [is paid]; 〈人が主語〉 get [receive] insurance money

・判決が下りる 《when》 a verdict is pronounced [delivered, handed down]

・啓示が下りる 《when》 a revelation is granted.

●許可証は簡単に下りる. Licenses are granted easily. | People can easily get [obtain] licenses.

6 【降りる】 〔乗り物から出る〕 get out 《of a car》; get off 《a bus》; 《文》 alight 《from a carriage》; leave 《a vehicle, by the rear exit》.

●電車を降りる get off [leave] a train; 《文》 alight [disembark] from a train

・船から降りる get off a ship; get out of a boat; disembark (from a ship)

・船から降りたばかりの人たち people just off a boat; passengers who have just disembarked (from a ship)

・飛行機から降りる get off [leave, 《文》 alight from] an airplane; 《米》 deplane

・神戸で降りる get out [off] at Kōbe

・馬を降りる get off [dismount from] a horse

・自転車からぽんと降りる leap [jump] off a bicycle.

●「どなたもお降りください」と車掌が言った. “Everybody is to get off the bus [out of the train]” called the conductor.

・〔タクシーで〕 そこの角で止めてください, 降りますので. Please (stop and) let me out at that corner.

・〔バスのドアが閉まりかけて〕 彼はあわてて「降ります」と叫んだ. “Let me off here, please,” he shouted in a fluster.

・お降りのかたはお近くの降車ボタンを押してください. If you want to get off, please press the nearest “stop” button.

・降りるかたからお先に願います. Let passengers off the train first, please!

・降りるかたが済んでからお乗りください. Please wait until passengers have disembarked before boarding. | Please don't get on until everybody has left (the train).

・その停留所で中年の女性がバスから降りた. A middle-aged lady got off the bus at the bus stop.

・一行はどやどやと電車から降りた. They all piled out of the train.

・ここで降りるんですよ (＝着きましたよ). This is where you get off [out]. | Here's your stop.

・降りる駅を間違えた. We got off at the wrong station [stop].

・私は車に酔ったので途中で降りて歩いて帰った. I got carsick, so I got out halfway and walked home.

7 【下りる】 〔体外に出る〕 be discharged; be expelled; 〔流産する〕 be aborted.

●薬で回虫が下りた. The ascarid worms were excreted as a result of treatment with a drug.

・血が下りたら大腸がんの疑いがある. Discharges of blood (from the colon) raise suspicions of cancer of the large intestine.

8 【下りる】 〔負担がなくなる〕

●肩の荷が下りる feel relieved; feel a load off one's mind [shoulders]

・胸のつかえが下りる feel relief; have a weight lifted from one's mind.

9 【降りる】 〔地位･役･勝負などから退く〕 give up [《米》 quit] 《a job》; leave 《a post》; relinquish 《a job》; withdraw 《from a role》; withdraw from [drop out of, stop playing] 《a game》.

●仕事を降りる withdraw from a job

・主役を降りる stop [give up] taking a leading part; withdraw from a central role

・首相の座を降りる retire from the premiership; give up being prime minister

・大臣のいすを降りる retire from a ministerial [cabinet] post; stop being a minister

・マウンドを降りる 〔降板する〕 step down from the mound

・ポーカーの勝負から降りる drop out of [withdraw from] a poker game.

●有力候補が降りてくれたおかげで, 選挙は楽になった. As the favored candidate withdrew, the election became easier.

・私は勝ちめがないのでその勝負から降りることにした. Since I had no chance of winning I decided to withdraw from the game [contest].

・責任上私はその計画から降りられない. It would be irresponsible for me to withdraw from the project.